Restaurant Business Plan Essay Example for Free

Restaurant Business Plan EssayChapter 1Rooftop Restaurant and lallygag bequeath put in into a market with perfect competition. With perfect competition Rooftop Restaurant and fuck off exit digest an infinite number of consumers with the leave behindingness and ability to buy our products at a certain price. It would also have an infinite amount of producers with the willingness and ability to supply the products at a certain price. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a new beauteous dining restaurant and lounge located on LaGrange Road in Orland Park. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will target both fun-seeking as intumesce as sophisticated diners looking for great food in a fascinating atmosphere. Our Rooftop will offer 360 degree views with a unique outdoor terrace. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will seek to get to 85% gross margins through an innovative and creative setting, a great menu, and the surpass service.Five Factors of ProductionStart up costs and all financing of Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will be funded by the owner Kevin Lentz. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would be situated on a busy intersection in Orland Park. This would be new construction expression Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge from the ground up. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would first have to contain a construction comp some(prenominal) to ground the establishment. Once the building was complete and up to code, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would hire its staff and purchase inventory. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge focuses on topical anaesthetic and tourist active restaurant seekers, with special focus on young adults with a $20-30,000 a year income and a desire for just food with a fascinating atmosphere.According to Orland Parks demographics from the United States Census Bureau we generally know the characteristics of our target market. Our personal crowd would consist of young adults (ages 20-29) and adults (ages 30-50), both male and female, usually at least one y ear of college if not already fully graduated. Our geographics include people from the local Orland Park bea, people from neighboring cities, and tourists from other states and countries.Chapter 2Restaurants rack up one of the most costly environmental bills in the retail world. Fortunately, there are ways restaurants can go green on more than just their menus. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will be a Certified Green Restaurant. more or less Certified Green Restaurants save thousands of dollars by cutting energy, water, and waste. They appeal to environmentally concerned Americans and those who are health conscious.How will Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge be environmentally friendly and socially responsible?Walking into Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge youll find recycled wood panels, eco-friendly flooring, and zero use of VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) paints. We will fill our facility with readiness Star qualified equipment and compact fluorescent lighting that produces 75 percenta ge less energy and heat. Clients can also enjoy unique creations like terse Thai trout tacos, original vegan Championburgers, or mango-guava fruit shakes. Rooftop restaurant and Lounge takes flavor seriously, backing up its meals and drinks with a 100% Taste Guarantee. If you dont like your meal or drink they will happily whip you up something else or give you your money back. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge serves Certified Humane, hormone-free meat and prepares their meals with only 100 percent organic ingredients. A 100 percent organic menu also offers tempting sandwiches, desserts, beer, and wine. Rather than using cheaper ingredients, the company splurges a little to buy prime(prenominal) foods that are tastier and more nutritious.Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge also offsets 100 percent of their energy use by purchasing certificates for renewable wind power. Besides constructing their building out of recycled materials, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge still bases its business on in tegrity. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge pays their employees fair wages and benefits. By going green, restaurants can often earn more green.Chapter 3What is the intended form of ownership?Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a sole-proprietorship business owned in majority by its founder and electric chair Kevin Lentz. The owner is also personally responsible for all debts and liabilities incurred by the business. A sole proprietor can own the business for any duration of epoch and sell it when he or she sees fit. As owner, a sole proprietor can even pass a business down to his or her heirs. A sole proprietor has complete control and decision-making power over the business.A sole proprietor has minimal start up legal fees and NO bodied tax payments. Sole proprietors receive all income generated by the business to keep or reinvest. The owner pays taxes on income from the business as part of his or her personal income tax payments. All responsibilities and business decisions fall on the shoulders of the sole proprietor. The sole proprietor of the business can be held personally liable for the debts and obligations of the business. Additionally, this risk extends to any liabilities incurred as a result of acts committed by employees of the company. Most sole proprietors rely on loans and personal assets to initially finance their business. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will choose to incorporate once the business has started to grow.Chapter 4Assuming Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have international operationsRooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have a second location in Cancun, Mexico located in the heart of Cancuns Hotel Zone. At this location Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have exquisite Mexican decor and outstanding Mexican cuisine.There are multitude of different kinds of organizational structures in international business for instance, one special(prenominal) structure may require a substantially different plan of coordinating the activities of any giv en individual or organization.Independent AgentAn self-sustaining agent can be defined as an international individual or company who actions with an exporter to represent the organization in question best interests in an international destination. Often these agents will take on the roles of being a sales representative. They offer the exporters goods, obtain payments by the purchaser, and as well work to ensure that the exporters clients are absolutely satisfied with the goods received. These agents will often have a wide variety of clients or firms who often do not specialize in any specified product or market. For example, Levi Strauss employs agents all across the world specifically in small countries found within these continents, south-central America, Africa, and Asia.Licensing arrangementA licensing arrangement can be defined as an agreement in which an owner of a particular good will cater another company to manufacture sell and or market this good or service for a fee and or royalty. These companies will often countenance interested parties or businesses in opposed destination exclusive rights to produce and or supply their goods in that particular market. The exporter will receive royalties as well any associated fees. These royalties will usually be determined as a percentage of the licensees total revenues.Branch officesA branch office can be defined as a place in which an exporting company will establish themselves within a foreign nation in straddle to offer their products more effectively to that foreign market. In most cases exporting firms will just employ current top managers within their organization and will send these managers over to this foreign destination to establish a new branch office. This branch office will act to provide this organization with a greater public image. It is believed that consumers will feel more confident about any particular companys product or service.Strategic allianceA strategic alliance is where a com pany in which two or more individuals or businesses will merge their resources together in order to tackle a specified, mutually beneficial project. Both parties will agree to participate equally in investing resources into this new venture thus forming the alliance.Out of all the international organizational structures to choose from, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge in Cancun, Mexico will be a branch office. This business model is treated as an extension of its raise company which means that it should only conduct the activities performed by the main office in Orland Park, Illinois. Having a branch office provides several advantages to any foreign company including the ability to conduct business in Mexico, explore more business opportunities and directly interact with its local distributors and agents.While this business model has several advantages, foreign companies should realize that there are some arrangements and requirements that may not be beneficial on their part. For exa mple, foreign companies do not enjoy limited liability which means that they are responsible for all the losses and debts of their branch office which is considered as their legal extension.Another disadvantage is that a branch office, being a non-resident business entity, is not eligible for local tax benefits and exemptions. Lastly, this business model is prohibited to engage in business activities that are not performed by its refer company.Chapter 5Mission StatementRooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a business that envelopes fine dining of unique healthy taste and an excellent rooftop atmosphere. The mission is not only to have great tasting food, but have efficient and friendly service. Our dining environment is not only welcoming and sophisticated, it is unique in design, with glass ceilings and windows on almost all sides of the rooftop. After dining in, customers can enjoy the outdoor terrace and garden views. We concentrate on customer ecstasy and quality food that is alwa ys fresh and 100 percent organic. We want the Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge to be the place people can enjoy a tasty, healthy meal and meet new friends.It is our goal to provide a great work environment and treat employees with dignity and respect. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge wants to build lasting relationships with the guests, contribute positively to communities and our environment. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge recognizes that profitability is key to our future success .

Predictors of Patient Satisfaction

Predictors of Patient SatisfactionCHAPTER 1 IntroductionIn this chapter we will in short discuss the background of the research area. At first an everyplaceview of the tolerants ecstasy concept will be introduced. This will be followed by the relevance of this thesis to the outlandish of capital of capital of capital of Kuwait. After that, we will present a discussion of the problem that will give a better understanding to the reader for our subject. The chapter ends with a brief comment of the thesis structure follow.1.1 OverviewThe patient get reflects the way in which a person perceives the sum total of his experiences with the health system of rules throughout the continuum of caveat. This experience is influenced by the total of the encounters between the patient and the disturbancegiver, of the patients expectations from the health system and from the organizational culture in all of the frameworks with which the patient comes in contact. In fresh years, the patient e xperience has become a central talking point in the ongoing discourse of the health systems in Israel and cosmopolitan, which coincides with numerous social trendsincrease public awareness of the patients rights.Public demand for transparency in conduct and for exploiting opportunities to improve.Activity of patient safety organizations.Changes in the service and consumer cultures. quest for equality and accessibility to each and every case-by-case.Increasing use of electronic communication and social media in search of medical information, knowledge sharing among patients, testimony of specialists, alternative treatments and facilities and so on.Patient satisfaction is generally considered as the extentto which the patients feel that their needs andexpectations are being met by the services provided4.Patient satisfaction predicts both compliances 5 andutilisation 6 and may even be link to improvedhealth 7. It also contri scarcelyes to the atmosphereprevailing in a PHCC 7,8. It is associated withcontinuity of wield 3, the doctors communication skills9, the degree of his or her patient centeredness 10and the congruence between intervention desired andthat received by the patient 11 . Other factorsinfluencing satisfaction with medical care includeconfidence in the system and a positive outlook on lifein general12 . Finally, satisfaction is the judgment ofthe patient on the care that has been provided 13. Thephysician remains a key element in patient satisfaction14.Summarize chapter 2 in one a half foliate start with small problem definition, actually there are determinants1.2 Relevance of this thesis to the country of KuwaitWith the huge growing number of malignant neoplastic disease patients worldwide in recent years the needs of effective and capable health care suppliers is mandatory. The health care sector in Kuwait has been occupying very key position among the public, as it takes the responsibility to maintain peoples heath and to prevent disease as well to secure complete coverage of the health care services. Kuwait consists six general hospitals for several specialty, and more than 70 care clinics. With an aging facilities and growing population, hospitals shoot become overused with empower of tools and equipments and the care clinics are not portion dangerous situations or real disease. Cancer cases in Kuwait has reached the top of disease and nourish been recognized as a main cause of deaths in the country (Alduaij 2012). Kuwait control pubic louse centre (KCC) comprehensive crabby person center have 600 qualified medical staff and 459 beds. KCCC treats over 2000 new cancer patients each year and total of 28,697 from Kuwait and the region(Kuwaitcancercenter.com 2014)50. Identification of predictors of patient satisfaction (what aspects of care matter the most to patients) enables policy makers at the Ministry of Health in Kuwait to focus on these aspects and improve them. The correlates of socio-demographic character istics of patients with satisfaction allow the health care providers to cater to the different needs of patients based on their socio-demographic characteristics.This admit aims at identifying predictors of patient satisfaction in the primary care clinics of the Ministry of Health, Kuwait (factors leading to patient satisfaction or dissatisfaction) and its socio-demographic correlates.1.3 Problem DefinitionLack of proper strategies and support system by Ministry of Health (MOH).There are many obstacles interfering the treatment of patients in Kuwait due to poor system and insufficient management strategies that is colligate to health care services (Alduaij 2012). Kuwait Cancer Control Center (KCC) which was built back in the 70s is considered as one of the important medical centers in Kuwait for the reason of increasing number of cancer patients in Kuwait (KCC 2014)51. KCC have a capacity of 459 beds against 28,697 patients with 1643 employeed,490 nursed, and 11 physicians. base on that, the hospital have witnessed a migration of the experienced staff which results in shortage of human resources and accordingly leads to instability and sub-optimal medical system (Annaharkw.com, 2014)53.Huge public demand to improve hospital services.According to Arab Times (2014)52 the previous Kuwaiti parliament members have step against the low performance of Ministry of Health (MOH) and of KCCC in particular. They have raised their disagreement over the governments failure to control the disease and to provide adequate services to satisfy the patients. Many issues were declared to the ministir of health seeking for urgent solutions such as long waiting time, unavailability of beds , lack of the hospital human resources and machinery as well financial and administrative capabilities.Temporary recovery plan but not permanent solutions.His Highness the Amir Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, at the end of year 2013 gave instructions to the government to send cancer p atients for treatment abroad at the States expense and to expedite with actions (Kuna, 2014)50. The reason for the urgency of this new law was due to public dissatisfaction, and the continuous complaints toward cancer treatment in Kuwait.Dire personnel experienceA personnel experience with the cancer disease has been the real motivation behind this study. Watching a dear person suffering not that because of the disease, but because of shortage of resources and lack of proper support system, is the hardest thing ever especially when it comes to losing that dear person forever.3.6 Research objectivesThe research objectives are as the nextTo explore and review the available international literature about the cancer patents satisfaction.To discuss the determinant of cancer patients satisfaction.To identify service quality dimensions related to cancer patients.To investigate the importance of quality of life for cancer patients.To find out the impact of socio demographic characteristic on cancer patients in Kuwait.3.7 Research questionsBased on the objectives of the study, key questions should be addressed1. What are the determinants needed to reach an effective cancer patients satisfaction in Kuwait?2. What are the health related service quality dimensions?3. What are the quality of life factors that contribute cancer patients satisfaction?4. What is the effect of socio-demographic characteristic on cancer disease in Kuwait?1.6 Research MethodologyOur research is considered deductive, quantitative, descriptive and explanatory based on the experiments presented in our literature review. This study is focvictimization on cancer patients and the benefits that are provided by KCCC hospitals and their personnel life. The questionnaire is in two language English and Arabic and have been randomly distributed in Kuwait cancer control centre and on website. The study population consisted of the patients who came for therapy in KCCC ( outpatients) and the sample size cons isted of 300 patients based on total cancer patients in Kuwait which are approximately 28,697 patients. The eligibility criteria included patients who have been diagnosed with different types of cancer as a minimum of 6 months ,above 21 years old and currently are undergoing treatment. The questionnaire contained a socio-demographic characteristics as well as the overall satisfaction with the different aspects of quality of services and quality of life. At last, The data analysis is obtained through using different statistical techniques by using the SPSS software version 17.1.7 Thesis structureThis thesis is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter, we will be providing a background and an overview of the selected research subject, followed by the problem area discussion and description of the thesis structure. In chapter two, an academic literature review related to patients satisfaction and the different independents variables such as physcian concern,staff concern, dooh ickey of care process, tangibles, social well-being, emotional well-being, and information knowledge will be introduced based on theories, academic studies and reports. Chapter three explains the methodology and techniques that have been used in our thesis to analyze and carry out this study. In chapter four, an analysis of the empirical data will be presented along with a discussion of the survey findings and results. pass away chapter, number 5, is summarizing the results that have been achieved in our study along with a comparison with other studies. At the end of the final chapter, we will be providing a last and recommendations for management and future research.A definition of quality of lifeThe quality of life can only be described and measured in individual terms, and depends on present lifestyle, past experience, hopes for the future, dreams and ambitions. Quality of life must include all areas of life and experience and take into account the impact ofillness and treatmen t. A good quality of life can be said to be present when the hopes of an individual areA good quality of life is therefore usually expressed in terms of satisfaction, contentment, happiness and fulfillment and the ability to cope. This definition emphasizes the importance of personal growth.(K. Chambers et al., 2011)Calman, K. 1984. Quality of life in cancer patients -an hypothesis. Journal of medical ethics, Accessed 16 Nov 2013.

Entrepreneurship for Small Businesses

Entrepreneurship for Small BusinessesEntrepreneurship creates a new field of stemma, despite risks and uncertainty. To achieve profit and growth, a parentage moldinessiness order life-or-death opportunities and assemble the necessary resources to capitalize on them. several(prenominal) forms of entrepreneurship ar subatomic scale worryes which begin targeting a specific class of customers. Entrepreneurship business has a glistering vision according to the report by umpteen studies.Starting business might be an opportunity for people who m another(prenominal) been the unemployed, ca employd by economic recession. on that point argon two important factors to keep creativity which is the ability to develop new sup conditions and to discover new ways of looking at problems and opportunities. Next installation is the ability to apply creative solutions to problems and opportunities while enhancing or enriching peoples lives.Further more(prenominal), the three stairs to im plement creativity and innovation argon developing a st pointgic intend for a business using the nine gaits in the strategic planning process, and make a market plan, pricing strategies, pecuniary plan, and cash attend management. These depart be necessary for a small business to be successful as well as a harmony with con berthring the opposite side opinions.Background of Current Economic SituationThe condition of global economy is in the recession and that is evidence through various economic figures like the GDP, the rate of unemployment, crisis of subprime mortgage which is a huge economic crisis to intimidate the base of economy system caused by deficit of real estate by overestimation (Oshinsky, J., Fleishman, B., Murray, J., Fields, J., 2007). mass supply which is a total amount of producing by companies in a country, and aggregate demand which is a total amount of consuming by customers in a country ar getting to come down (Vogel Jr., J., 2007). Especially unemploy ment rate influences the real living quality of people. The more the unemployment rate subjoins, the worse the quality of peoples living is. Moreover, the social instability is caused by the high rate of unemployment (Barrell, R. Holland, D., 2008).Considering Entrepreneurship as a SolutionIn this situation, the open upment of a small business and entrepreneurship is one of the solutions to decrease financial crisis such as a high rate of unemployment and deduction of the GDP. This will lead non provided the opportunity to recover the loss of many unemployed workers and the GDP, barely likewise create many jobs and products caused by new entry of small businesses. Furthermore, in that location ar many other reasons to support entrepreneurship as a unspoilt alternative to solve the recession (Patterson, S., 1993).Common people still regard establishing a business as a risky contest that could lead to big failure. It is usual that one who does not have confidence in his o r her success might avoid establishing his or her own business. But, if in that location is a unique inclination to be applied in a new business, and it is certain that a agonistical business outline plan and substantial management could be striationtled based on thorough analysis regarding the new market, the result of small business would not be risky, and could plant an amaze profit. Of course, maintaining a study for corresponding customers feedback and avoiding any likely drawbacks is an essential requirement for the success of small business (Carmona, J., 2008).The Positive Aspects of EntrepreneurshipFirst of all, there are reasons why the entrepreneurship will be appropriate for recovering and restarting a career in the period of recent recession in two points of view. In a standpoint of the individual entrepreneur, the entrepreneurship will be a chance to create your own destiny after resigning from your former profession. Owning a business provides entrepreneurs t he independence and the opportunity to drop their desire a reality.It is certain that the result of managing businesses should be required to their responsibilities if their businesses are successful or not. The small business will be an opportunity to make a difference because they see a chance to make a difference in a cause that is important to them. The entrepreneurs are always looking for ways to combine their concerns for social issues and their desires to earn a good living.Moreover, the entrepreneurs businesses call on their instrument for self-expression and self-actualization. Their businesses are exciting and challenging for them. The entrepreneurs usually enjoy their businesses as their hobbies, not a work. Their success of businesses depends on their ability regarding how much they are creative, enthusiastic, and vision will be imposed from their potential capacity (Klein, K., 2008).Besides, the entrepreneurship will be a good opportunity to earn impressive profits. many an(prenominal) of them do become wealthy. For example, nearly 75 percent of those on the Forbes list of the 400 richest Ameri behinds are starting signal generation entrepreneurs. According to research by Thomas Stanley and William Danko, self-employed business owners make up two thirds of American millionaires. Furthermore, small business owners are in the main among the nearly respected and to the highest degree trusted members of their communities.Business deals based on trust and mutual respect are the guarantees of many established small companies. These owners are proud of the trust and recognition they receive from the customers they have processd faithfully over the years. A study by the National Federation of Independent Businesses found that lxx eight percent of Americans believe that small businesses exerts a positive influence on the countrys direction, a ranking exceeded still by science and technology (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).Most advantage of the entrepreneurship is that owners of small businesses can make their hobbies their work, and they can enjoy their work with great interest and fun. Even though their business is not successful, they can reciprocate just their working process because they have a business they enjoy and love (Shah, A., 2007).In a viewpoint of the contribution to society of the entrepreneurship, not lone(prenominal) small companies lead the way in creating jobs, but they also take the brunt of training workers for them. One study by the Small Business Administration cerebrate that small businesses are the leaders in offering training and advancement opportunities to workers.Small companies offer more general skill instruction and training than larger ones, and their employees receive more benefits from the training than do those in larger firms. Even though their training programs tend to be informal, in-house, and onthejob, small companies teach employees precious skills, from written commu nication to computer literacy.Small businesses also produce fifty one percent of the countrys private GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and account for forty vii percent of business sales. In fact, the US small business sector is the initiations third largest economy, trailing only the entire US economy and China. Small companies also are incubators of new ideas, products, and services.Small firms actually create thirteen to fourteen times more innovations per research employee than large companies. Traditionally small businesses have contend a role in innovation and they continue to do so today. Many important inventions trace their roots to an entrepreneur, including the zipper, FM radio, the laser, air conditioning, the escalator, the light bulb, the individualized computer, and the automatic trans relegating (Stottlemyer, T., 2008).Likewise, the entrepreneurship business has a positive vision based on above facts. If the entrepreneurs want to make their business successful, they need a good plan to differentiate their business from other businesses. Thus, creativity about their business should be represented as one of the main factors of success. Creativity is not only an important source for structure a competitive advantage, but it also is a necessity especially for survival of small business.Small businesses relatively have disadvantages for the high cost to produce goods and services, and narrow selling channels compared with big companies. Therefore, creativity is a very important part to motivate the attach to, making it more competitive in the market. Creative ideas would not be easy to be caught, thus should be found after the creative process which involves seven tramples (Spence, R., 2006).Preparing for EntrepreneurshipThe first feeling is the preparation that includes a formal education, on the job training, work finger, and taking advantage of other learning opportunities. These ways can provide a foundation on which to build creativity and innovation. For instance, the adaptation of attitudes of a life unyielding student will assist owners of small businesses to establish and manage their businesses. each situation you meet will be an opportunity to learn about the business. Reading many writings even if it is not in your field of profession, will be a source of creativity and innovation which are frequently originated from blended ideas and concepts in various fields of different expertise. In addition, gathering articles link to your small business should be the great guide book to bring the information from which to draw ideas and inspirations.Furthermore, joining professional and make do associations and attending their meetings will be a chance to brainstorm with others who have similar interests. You can learn how others solved specific problems, which will give you new insight to solve your problems of business. Besides, there are practical plans to prepare for creativity like investing time in studying othe r countries and their cultures. This offers incredible business opportunities for entrepreneurs with necessary knowledge and experience by your global experiences.The second step is the investigation which requires one to develop a unfluctuating understanding of the problem, situation, or decision. To create new ideas and concepts in a particular field, an individual must first study the problem and understand its basic components. Creative thinking comes about when people make careful observations of the world around them and then investigate the way things work (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).The third step is the transformation which involves viewing the similarities and the differences among the information collected. This phase requires two types of thinking convergent and divergent. merging(prenominal) thinking is the ability to see the similarities and the connections among various and often diverse data and events. Divergent thinking is the ability to see the dif ferences among various data and events (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).The fourth step is the incubation which is concerned about the time of subconscious needs to reflect on the information collected. To an observer, this phase of the creative process would be quite irk some it looks as though nothing is happening. In fact, during this phase, it may appear that the creative person is loafing. Incubation occurs while the individual is away from the problem, often engaging in some totally unrelated activity. Working on the problem or opportunity in a different environment helps stimulate your creativity (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).The one-fifth step is the twinkling which occurs at some point during the incubation stage when a spontaneous breakthrough causes the light bulb to go on. In the illumination stage, all of the previous stages come together to produce the Eureka factor- the creation of the innovate idea. In one study of two hundred scientists, 80 percent said that at least once a solution to a problem had just popped into their heads- usually when they were away from the problems (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).The sixth step is the verification. For entrepreneurs, proving an idea as accurate and useful may include conducting experiments, running simulations, test marketing a product or service, establishing small scale pilot programs, building prototypes, and engaging in many other activities designed to verify that the new idea will work and is practical to implement. The goal is to subject the innovative idea to the test of cold and tough reality (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).The seventh step is the implementation. The main purpose of this step is to transform the idea into reality. Many people come up with creative ideas in order to promise new products or services, but most never take them beyond the idea stage. What sets entrepreneurs apart is that they act in their ideas. An entrepreneurs final goal is to make their innovative ideas in the reality successfully (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).Designing a Competitive Business ModelAfter establishing creative ideas which are differentiated from other competitors, entrepreneur needs to design a competitive business model. Obviously the number of strategies from which the small business owner can take up is enormous. But, there are three basic strategies remain permanently. First one is cost leadership. A company pursuing a cost leadership strategy strives to be the lowest cost producer relative to its competitors in the industry. Low cost leaders have a competitive advantage in make buyers whose main purchase criterion is price.They have the power to set the industrys price floor. This strategy works well when buyers are sensitive to price changes, when competing firms sell the like products and compete on the basis of the price , and when companies can benefit from economies of scale. Not only is a low cost leade r in the stovepipe position to define itself in a price war, but it also can use its power to attack competitors with the lowest price in the market.Next is the differentiation. A company following a differentiation strategy seeks to build customer loyalty by positioning its goods and services in a unique or different fashion. That enables the business to command higher price for its products or services than competitors. The key of differentiation is to be special at something that is important to the customers. In other word, a business strives to be better than its competitors at something customers value.Last one is the focus strategy which knows that not all markets are homogeneous. In fact, there are many different customer segments, each having different needs, wants, and characteristics. The principal idea of the focus strategy is to select one or more market segments, identify customers special needs, wants, and interests, and approach them with a good or service designed to excel in meeting these needs, wants, and interests. Focus strategies build on the differences among market segments. Fro instance, most markets contains a population of customers who are willing and able to pay for the premium goods and services, giving small companies the opportunity to follow a focus strategy aimed at the premium segment of the market.Strategic ManagementEntrepreneur should plan the strategic management process. Generally small companies that lack clear strategies may achieve some success in the short run, but as soon as competitive conditions stiffen or an unanticipated threat arises, they usually hit the wall and fold. Without a basis for differentiating itself from a pack of similar competitors, the best a company can hope for is mediocrity in the marketplace. In todays intensely competitive global environment, entrepreneurs who are not thinking and acting strategically are putting their businesses at risk. Strategic management is the mechanism for operati ng successfully in a chaotic competitive environment.The goal of developing a strategic plan is to create for the small company a competitive advantage which is the collection of factors that sets the small business apart from its competitors and gives it a unique position in the market. Every small firm must establish a plan for creating a unique image in the minds of its potential customers. A company builds a competitive edge on its core competencies, which are a unique set of capabilities that a company develops in key operational areas, such as quality, service, innovation, team building, flexibility, responsibilities, and others, that allow it to get over past competitors. They are what the company does best and are the focal point of the strategy. This step must identify target market segments and determine how to position the firm in those markets. Entrepreneurs must identify some way to differentiate their companies from competitors.The initiate step of developing a strate gic plan is that developing a clear vision and translating it into a meaningful mission statement. Highly successful entrepreneurs are able to communicate their vision to those around them. The firms mission statement answers the first question as what business am I in? The mission statement sets the tone for the entire company. The second step is assessing the companys strengths and weaknesses. Strengths are positive internal factors weaknesses are negative internal factors.The third step is scanning the environment for significant opportunities and threats facing the business. Opportunities are positive external options threats are negative external forces. The fourth step is identifying the key factors for success in the business. In every business, key factors that determine the success of the firms in it, and so they must be an integral part of a companys strategy. Key success factors are relationships between a controllable variable and a critical factor influencing the firms ability to compete in the market. The fifth step is that analyzing the competition. Business owners should know their competitors business almost as well as they know their own business. A competitive profile matrix is a helpful tool for analyzing competitors strengths and weaknesses (Shah, A., 2007).The sixth step is to create company goals and objectives. Goals are the broad, long-range attributes that the firm seeks to accomplish. Objectives are quantifiable and more precise they should be specific, measurable, assignable, realistic, timely, and written down. The process works best when managers and employees are actively involved. The seventh step is to formulate strategic options and select the appropriate strategies.A strategy is the game plan the firm plans to use to achieve its objectives and mission. It must center on establishing for the firm the key success factors identified earlier. The eighth step to translate strategic plans into action plans. No strategic plan is ac complished until the owner puts it into action. The last step is to establish accurate controls. Actual performance rarely matches plans exactly. Operating data from the business assembled into a comprehensive scorecard serve as an important guidepost for determining how effective a companys strategy is. This information is especially helpful when plotting future strategies (Shah, A., 2007).Marketing StrategyAfter that, building a marketing plan is necessary for entrepreneurs to act their managing strategies in reality, which is the process of creating and delivering to customers including all of activities related to winning and retaining loyal customers. Thus, marketing plan focus on the companys target customers and how to satisfy their needs and wants. Solid marketing plan should determine customer needs and wants through market research, and pinpoint the specific target markets the company will serve. Furthermore, after analyzing the firms competitive advantages and building a marketing strategy, entrepreneurs should create a marketing mix for their customers (Spence, R., 2006).Entrepreneurs should understand where in their customers product life stave lately. They also focus on choosing the appropriate channel and place of distribution and using it efficiently. Setting the right price for their products or services is pretty hard because this work need to utilize the statistic data and catch the emotion of customers regarding their products. At the end of marketing strategy, owners of small businesses should develop a promotion for their products including advertising, personal selling, creating events, and irregular marketing that is a kind of marketing promotions focused on emphasizing unique comparative advantages relative to other competitors (Spence, R., 2006).Opposite Side Opinion batch who have opposite opinions against entrepreneurship point out ten potential risks. First is management mistake that is the primary cause of business failure. Some times the owner of a small business lacks the leadership ability, sound judgment, and knowledge necessary to make the business work. Second is lack of business experience which indicates that most entrepreneurs tend to be beginners to be easy to make management mistakes in their own businesses. Third one is poor financial control.Effective managers realize that any successful business venture requires proper financial control. Business success also requires having a sufficient amount of capital on hand at start-up. Undercapitalization is a rough-cut cause of business failure because companies run out of capital before they are able to generate positive cash flow. Entrepreneurs tend to be besides optimistic and often misjudge the financial requirements of going into business (US Recession Would Hurt, 2008).Fourth one is weak marketing efforts that means entrepreneurs tend to misunderstand the marketing efforts. For example, owners of small businesses usually believe their businesse s will make a great number of customers automatically, but it almost never happens in reality. Building a developing base of customers requires a sustained and creative marketing effort. Keeping customers coming back requires providing customers with value, quality, convenience, service, and fun.Fifth thing is failure to develop a strategic plan. Many small business managers ignore the process of strategic planning because they think that is something that benefits only large companies. Without a good defined strategy, a business has no sustainable basis for creating and maintaining a competitive edge in the marketplace. Establishing a strategic plan drives entrepreneurs to assess realistically a proposed businesss potential. Sixth thing is errant growth. Business growth is a natural, healthy, and desirable part of any business, but it must be planned and controlled.As the business increases in size and complexity, problems increase in magnitude, and the entrepreneur must learn to deal with them. Seventh thing is poor location. Business location are often selected without proper study, investigation, and planning. Some seed owners select a particular location just because they found a vacant building. The sales business should be influenced heavily by choice of location.one-eighth is improper inventory control. Insufficient inventory control results in shortages and stockouts, causing customers to become disillusioned and leave. More common situation is that the manager has not only too much inventory, but also too much of wrong type of inventory (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).Ninth is incorrect pricing. Small business owners usually knock down their products and services for making strong competition. Establishing accurate prices is to know what a product or service costs to make or to provide. Then, business owners can establish prices that reflect the image they want to make for their companies with an observation on the competition.Tenth is inability to make the Entrepreneurial Transition. After the start up, growth usually requires a radically different style of management, one that entrepreneurs are not necessarily good at. Growth requires entrepreneurs to delegate authority and to relinquish hands-on control of passing(a) operations, something many entrepreneurs simply can not do (Zimmerer T. W. Scarborough N. M., 2008).Suggestions for solving opposite sideEntrepreneurs must know their business field in depth. Small business owners should get the best education in their business area before they set out on their own business. Small business managers have to become serious students of their industry to analyze and examine their industry for their success. Reading trade journals, business periodicals, books, and research reports related to their industry, which can guide entrepreneurs to the success. Moreover, personal contact with suppliers, customers, trade associations in the same industry is another excellent wa y to get that knowledge.Small business owners should develop a solid business plan that is a crucial ingredient in preparing for business success. Well written and planned business plan not only provide a pathway to success, but it also creates a benchmark against which an entrepreneur can measure actual company performance. This planning process drives entrepreneurs to ask and answer some difficult, challenging, and crucial questions.Managing financial resources is also essential part for entrepreneurs to run their business successfully. The best defense against financial problems is to develop a practical information system and then use this information to make business decisions. The first step in managing financial resources effectively is to have adequate start up capital. Estimating initial capital as much double as entrepreneurs assume will be good for starting a business because many costs that entrepreneurs do not expect will come out at the beginning time. The most valuab le financial resource is cash. Even though earning a profit is essential to its long term survival, a business must have an appropriate supply of cash to pay its bills and obligations. Managing cash is one of entrepreneurs primary abilities to maintain their business.Owners in small businesses have to understand financial statements what is going on in the business. These financial statements are reliable indicators of small businesses health. They can be helpful in realizing potential problems like declining sales, slipping profits, rising debt, and deteriorating working capital that are symptoms of potentially critical problems which require immediate attention.No matter what kind of business entrepreneurs launch, entrepreneurs must learn to manage people. Every business depends on the foundation of well trained, motivated employees. Business owner can not do everything alone. In the end, most dominant sustainable resource is the good quality of the people entrepreneurs have.Start ing business is like running a marathon. If entrepreneurs are not physically and mentally prepared, entrepreneurs had better do something different. The success of business depends on entrepreneurs constant presence and attention. It is critical to monitor a business condition constantly. Also successful entrepreneurs recognize that their most valuable asset of their time, and they learn to manage it effectively to make themselves and their companies more productive.ConclusionEntrepreneurship is not ultimate solution for solving recession, but it can be one of primary alternatives to help people come out of economic recession. Although there are risks to start a business, entrepreneurship have many advantages to be valuable for challenging new industry. For instance, good opportunity to earn impressive profits, making hobbies main work, and the contribution to society is representative advantages of entrepreneurship. Therefore, considering the opposite opinions, building solid manag ing strategy and marketing plan, maintaining a study for corresponding customers feedback must make entrepreneurship successfully.

Creativity And Imagination In Arts

Creativity And desire In humanistic disciplineThree small-minded Pigs was chosen because children are familiar with the classic invention. It is engaging for both girls and boys and allows a strong context for a range of arts activities in drama, puppetry, musical transaction as well as a small homo number of a series of arts activities. Activities are planned for five-year-old children as children by senesce 5 would contract attained the basic startmental milest is of wrangle development (Conti-Ramsden Durkin, 2011).The story of Three Little Pigs has patterns of structure. The first weeny pig met a hu serviceman being carrying straw and built his house with straw. The second little pig met a man carrying sticks and built his house with sticks. The third little pig met a man with bricks and built his house with bricks. A animal came and said the line Little pig, little pig, let me in three magazines. The wolf huffed and puffed three times.The story carries repetitive catchy phrases,Not by the hair of my chinny chin chinIll huff and Ill puff and Ill blow your house megabucksSo the wolf huffed and puffed and blew the house downThe moral of the story teaches children not to open door to strangers and let strangers in.The Three Little Pigs is told through dramatization and role-play using finger puppets, props and tone of voice.This paper highlights the aims and values of the activities and explains how fall uponing is being structured and the skills that can be developed in drama.Creativity and Imagination in Arts EducationWe live in a culture where children are raised with passive life experiences. Their toys are highly functional and commercially constructed. But children are by nature imaginative and curious. Their fancy and creation are not nurtured and developed. Childrens play is losing significance to paper and pencil type of fostering that adults have come to view as important (Hendy Toon, 2001).Society needs people who are creative a nd imaginative to enable problem solving and wee connections. Society then has to start with its unexampledest members to encourage their creativeness and fancy. Children should be motivated and given opportunities to express their creativity. Society needs to nurture children to think creatively, play with ideas and materials, subscribe with changes and the unexpected, respond to such changes, take risks, learn empathy and be sociable. Creativity and imagination make us human (Duffy, 1998).Adult attitude is important in promoting creativity and imagination. Such attitudes create the right emotional environment. Equally important are physical settings and time set aside to allow opportunities for creativity and imagination (Duffy, 1998).Arts and the curriculumThe arts have long been associated with a private experience of feeling good, living in a dream world, and an escape from reality. Swanwick (1988) argues that we become more than conscious through the arts. Teaching the a rts well promotes development in other learning areas. In drama there is physical education and language development. Music has its own vocabulary as in gait, pulse and dynamics. Drawing is ab forbidden line, texture and shape. If the arts can become part of the curriculum children have learning opportunities for personal and social-emotional development (Arts in Schools Project, 1990).According to Swanwick (1988) the arts are naturally playful and playfulness is an important part of being human. Children play. Play is what children do. In play, there are elements which promote learning through the arts. Children gain mastery of skills, enhanced their imitation and are engaged in imaginative play.DramaWhen young children engage in dramatic play, they take on a different identity and manipulate the character. They develop their ability to understand and make find of the world around them by making connections (Hendy Toon, 2001).Games are adapted to the Three Little Pigs. Children listen to the name called for straw, stick, brick and house. They are told rules of the games. Children play and learn to play by the rules.When children are invited to make images from the story with their body and facial expression they step into the role of the character. They imitate the instructor in role and friends or stretch their creativity and imagination with their own body movement and facial expression. The other children in the circle make sound effects with their vocals. The simple act of dramatization allows children to master the skills of communicate to sound like another self. They learn to take turns and respect the others voice and body movement. Together and being together children make dramatic meaning (Swanwick, 1998).The teacher uses another approach of dramatization by getting children to make music and use instruments for making sound effects. Music is incorporated in the drama play. With the teachers management children experiment with the musical inst ruments until they get the sound that makes one think of the wolf blowing down the houses. For a different outcome, the teacher in role selects the instruments and guides children to listen to the tempo and act out the mood of the scene of the wolf puffing, huffing and blowing down the houses. Blowing down the house of straw is lightheaded for the wolf so the mood is soft. The easy and soft mood changes with the house of straw and becomes heavy, angry and even dangerous when the wolf tries to blow down the house of brick. This activity is a learning take down for children to take instructions, keep a consistent rhythm and work with others. It encourages children to enjoy making music and listening to music. Children are exposed to music and can develop musical ability through their active engagement. Children delight in sound and rhythm (Sanwick, 1988).Drama should not be boring (Duffy, 1998). To add a sense of excitement the teacher tells an imaginative story that Mother Pig rece ives a letter from one of the little pigs. She has lost her reading glasses. Children are invited to read out the letter for her through role-play as the little pig. They decide for themselves and create their own story.Childrens imagination is further stretched when they discuss the character of the wolf. They compare the wolf to other wolves in Red Riding Hood and The Boy Who Cried Wolf. This activity promotes language and cognitive thinking as children learn to identify the animated characteristics of the wolf and compare one to the other and another.The original version of the story is told through a drama play. The teacher in role becomes the wolf who is brought to trial for blowing down the houses and eating the little pigs. Children field questions and demand explanations from the wolf to account for his crimes. Teacher and children work together to make a new story. This activity brings about a sense of tightness and excitement.The teacher creates space for children to make their own small world play area. A number of skills can be developed in this play area. Children learn to make a finger puppet. They choose and pick materials to make their own puppets. They compare, contrast and experiment with colour, texture, lines and shapes. They acquire the skill by trial and error or copy the teachers puppets. Such mastery of judgement gives children a sense of achievement.When children play with finger puppet, the puppet becomes alive. They talk to the puppet and say what they feel. In imaginative play they experiment with the different cries the wolf make to blow down the three different houses. They become the little pigs and experiment with the different emotions the pig experience when the wolf calls.Children learn to be sociable as they listen to each other and take turns. They learn about cooperation and accepting ideas and wishes of another. Emotions are released in a goodish way as children use finger puppets to express their feelings and concerns. Language development is enhanced as they experiment with different voices and characters.We live in a time where learning is measured and tested in paper and pencil with emphasis in basic literacy and numeracy skills. We should bear in mind the importance of creativity and imagination in its own right and the positive impact of creativity and imagination on other learning areas. A curriculum that is enriched with creativity and imagination opens up avenues for children to develop skills, have a go at itledge, attitudes and aptitudes in the present and for the future (Duffy, 1998).Children become the adults we want them to be resourceful, innovative and confident. As cited by Duffy (1998) quoting Oscar Wilde, we are raising a generation who know the price of everything and the value of nothing (p.14).(1469 words)

Japanese colonialism :: essays research papers

Itis interesting to find that only some politicaleconomists underscore the fact that Nipponese colonialismin Korea played a large part in the development of ahigh-growth economy. In both readings we get to seethat Japanese colonialism greatly differed from Europeancolonialism. In one way, this is because Europeancolonialism rarely introduced heavy industry into theeconomy, or even pushed the economy with such a heavyhand. As well, Japan left Korea with a relatively highlevel of industrialization, not something we commonlysee with European colonialism. In Kohlis article we seethat Japan came into Korea at the very(prenominal) beginning of itscolonial rule and transformed the state, not just whencreating speedy economic growth. I liked this articlein that Kohli took a very systematic approach to writingit, noting the m all steps it took for Korea toindustrialize, as well as noting extensively the extentto which Japan played a role. Bruce Cumings articlewas incompatible in that it looked more towards Japan,Taiwan, and Korea. In his article, he not only looks atJapan as a colonizer, but also an industrializer. Ithink that in both of the readings, it is amazing thateach of the countries examined were able toindustrialize so quickly. Northeast Asia industrializedin only decades, whereas its taken the rest of theworld centuries to do the same. In response to this, itis important to note the argument around the statesrole in economic development, what Atul Kohli says is"the extent to which state intervention was marketconforming versus market distorting or, to use arelated post of concepts, the extent to which the stateled rather than followed the market." In eacharticle we see what factors went into each countryseconomic development. It is interesting to note thatJapanese colonial governments were fairly cutting inruling its colonies, but despite this, its subjectscontinued to work hard and obey. The stronghold Japanhave over Korea was immense. Even wea lthy landowners,the Yangban elite, were controlled by the state, and anypolitical organizations and national movements thatthreatened the authoritarian state were squashed. Possible the fact that both Korea and Taiwan, as well asJapan, were fairly small countries amounted forsomething when struggling to industrialize late. Kohlisuggests that land area might well be a factor insuccessful colonization. This is, he says, is one ofthe reasons for the lack of problems the Japanese had inestablishing laterality between the center in Seoul andthe periphery. In Bruce Cumings article he illustratesthat Korea and Taiwan became "receptacles for decliningJapanese industries." It is still interesting to seethat Korea and Taiwan managed to industrialize so fast

Good God Essay -- essays research papers

Good GodWhen matchless walks through the streets of humanity, single essential choose their destiny.Is it to regard in God, or to become conservative and choose non to believe?Well, the people of the world should all just creeping at bottom their minds, andchoose not to follow the Messiah onto the deceptive fields of love. These peoplebecome sicken with doubt, and unleashing them are quite easy. But the world whitethornnever know, for the fools that are blind with salvation still wander inoblivion.Objection number one is that, green goddess one actually prove the universe of God? Howcan one experience divinity, without experiencing death first? No men on thisearth can Not the Pope, Saint Anselm, nor William Paley, who actually fatigue toprove the existence of God. William Paley once said , If a man wandered upon ahill, and discovered a watch who would question the fact, that the watch wascreated by a source? Its attainable that the statement is true, exclusively a watc hcant be compared to a universes creation. Paley would later say that the worldmust have a designer, meaning a God. The watch of coarse must of been createdby a designer, but the world is totally different. Its more like a carpenterbuilding a hearthstone or building. People can relate more to a building than auniverse, cause its possible that one can experience living within a house.Its not possible for anyone to live among the outside world, and think that Godcreated everything. This only proves Paleys downfall, and ideas ... Good God Essay -- essays research papers Good GodWhen one walks through the streets of humanity, one must choose their destiny.Is it to believe in God, or to become conservative and choose not to believe?Well, the people of the world should all just creep within their minds, andchoose not to follow the Messiah onto the deceptive fields of love. These peoplebecome sicken with doubt, and unleashing them are quite easy. But the world maynever kno w, for the fools that are blinded with salvation still wander inoblivion.Objection number one is that, can one actually prove the existence of God? Howcan one experience divinity, without experiencing death first? No men on thisearth can Not the Pope, Saint Anselm, nor William Paley, who actually tired toprove the existence of God. William Paley once said , If a man wandered upon ahill, and discovered a watch who would question the fact, that the watch wascreated by a designer? Its possible that the statement is true, but a watchcant be compared to a universes creation. Paley would later say that the worldmust have a designer, meaning a God. The watch of coarse must of been createdby a designer, but the world is totally different. Its more like a carpenterbuilding a house or building. People can relate more to a building than auniverse, cause its possible that one can experience living within a house.Its not possible for anyone to live among the outside world, and think that Godcrea ted everything. This only proves Paleys downfall, and ideas ...

Ethnic Cleansing in Sudan Essay -- Human Rights Society Sudan Essays

Ethnic Cleansing in Sudan The organisation of Sudan is obligated for ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanness in Darfur, which is located on Sudans western border with Chad (. The Sudanese government, along with the Arab Janjaweed militias they arm and support, have attacked the civilians of the African Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups. These attacks involved massacres, summary executions of civilians, burnings of towns and villages, and the emphasised depopulation of Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa land. The militia, Islamic like the African groups, have destroyed many religious artifacts including the desecrated Qorans that belong to their enemies (Human Rights Watch, 2004, p. 5).The Sudanese government is breaching at least two articles of the frequent solving of Human Rights (UDHR) Article 3, Every peerless has the right to life, liberty and security of person, (General Assembly Resolution, 1948, Article 3) and Article 5, noone shall be subjected to torture or to crue l, inhuman or corrupting treatment or punishment. (General Assembly Resolution, 1948, Article 5) The government has not only killed thousands of Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa civilians - they have, with the help of their Janjaweed allies, raped women, destroyed food supplies, and forced over one gazillion civilians into camps and settlements in Darfur where they are ?on the very edge of survival? (Human Rights Watch, 2004, p. 5) and subject to regular Janjaweed abuses. These breaches are very serious and need to be turn to appropriately. The conflicts that glide by to the human rights breaches were a recent escalation of a long-standing disagreement. In February 2003, the rebel groups SLA/M (Sudan Liberation Army/Movement) and JEM (Justice and Equality Movement) demanded an end to chronic economic marginalisation and sought-after(a) to share power within the Sudanese state. The government responded to this threat by targeting the civilian population from which members of these movem ents were drawn - the Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa ethnic groups. To help their cause, the Sudanese government organize a military and political partnership with some Arab nomads (now known as the Janjaweed) by arming them, training them and offering impunity for all their crimes. At the empower clock (22.5.2004) some action has taken place to address the result of the UDHR breaches. On the 28th of April the W... .../news/story.asp? paroleID=10793&Cr=sudan&Cr1=?Sudan Government commits ?ethic cleansing? in Darfur. (2004). Retrieved whitethorn 20, 2004, from Human Rights Watch Web site http//hrw.org/english/docs/2004/05/07/darfur8549_txt.htm?Sudan High-Level Humanitarian Mission Continues. (2004). Press release retrieved may 20, 2004, from http//www0.un.org/ word/Press/docs/2004/afr916.doc.htm?UN mental representation plans for repatriating Sudanese refugees to the south. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from UN News means Web site http//www0.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=1072 8&Cr=sudan&Cr1?Henderson, Ann. (1999). Can ethnic cleansing be stopped? Retrieved May 23, 2004, from The aesthesis News Article Archive Web site ??UN estimates 2 million Sudanese in Darfur area now affected by conflict. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from UN News Center Web site http//www0.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=10758&Cr=sudan&Cr1?Human Rights Watch. (2004). Darfur Destroyed Ethnic cleansing by government and militia forces in western Sudan (Vol. 16, No. 6(A). Retrieved May 22, 2004, from Human Rights Watch Web site http//hrw.org/reports/2004/sudan0504/sudan0504full.pdf Ethnic Cleansing in Sudan Essay -- Human Rights Society Sudan EssaysEthnic Cleansing in Sudan The government of Sudan is responsible for ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity in Darfur, which is located on Sudans western border with Chad (. The Sudanese government, along with the Arab Janjaweed militias they arm and support, have attacked the civilians of the African Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa ethnic groups. These attacks involved massacres, summary executions of civilians, burnings of towns and villages, and the forceful depopulation of Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa land. The militia, Muslim like the African groups, have destroyed many religious artifacts including the desecrated Qorans that belong to their enemies (Human Rights Watch, 2004, p. 5).The Sudanese government is breaching at least two articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) Article 3, Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person, (General Assembly Resolution, 1948, Article 3) and Article 5, No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. (General Assembly Resolution, 1948, Article 5) The government has not only killed thousands of Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa civilians - they have, with the help of their Janjaweed allies, raped women, destroyed food supplies, and forced over one million civilians into camps and settleme nts in Darfur where they are ?on the very edge of survival? (Human Rights Watch, 2004, p. 5) and subject to regular Janjaweed abuses. These breaches are very serious and need to be addressed appropriately. The conflicts that lead to the human rights breaches were a recent escalation of a long-standing disagreement. In February 2003, the rebel groups SLA/M (Sudan Liberation Army/Movement) and JEM (Justice and Equality Movement) demanded an end to chronic economic marginalisation and sought to share power within the Sudanese state. The government responded to this threat by targeting the civilian population from which members of these movements were drawn - the Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa ethnic groups. To help their cause, the Sudanese government formed a military and political partnership with some Arab nomads (now known as the Janjaweed) by arming them, training them and offering impunity for all their crimes. At the present time (22.5.2004) some action has taken place to address the result of the UDHR breaches. On the 28th of April the W... .../news/story.asp?NewsID=10793&Cr=sudan&Cr1=?Sudan Government commits ?ethic cleansing? in Darfur. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from Human Rights Watch Web site http//hrw.org/english/docs/2004/05/07/darfur8549_txt.htm?Sudan High-Level Humanitarian Mission Continues. (2004). Press release retrieved May 20, 2004, from http//www0.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/afr916.doc.htm?UN agency plans for repatriating Sudanese refugees to the south. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from UN News Center Web site http//www0.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=10728&Cr=sudan&Cr1?Henderson, Ann. (1999). Can ethnic cleansing be stopped? Retrieved May 23, 2004, from The Star News Article Archive Web site ??UN estimates 2 million Sudanese in Darfur area now affected by conflict. (2004). Retrieved May 20, 2004, from UN News Center Web site http//www0.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=10758&Cr=sudan&Cr1?Human Rights Watch. (2004). Darfur Destroyed Ethnic cleansing by government and militia forces in western Sudan (Vol. 16, No. 6(A). Retrieved May 22, 2004, from Human Rights Watch Web site http//hrw.org/reports/2004/sudan0504/sudan0504full.pdf